نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشآموخته دکتری تاریخ اسلام و مدرس دانشگاه، گروه تاریخ، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Throughout history, the institution of the vizierate has always been a crucial position in advancing governmental objectives. Many renowned sultans and rulers have attributed a significant portion of their achievements, victories, and even the survival of their reigns to their capable and astute viziers. The Ayyubid state emerged in 567 AH (1171 CE) amidst the events in Egypt and the Levant, establishing its administrative and bureaucratic system based on the legacy of the Fatimid Caliphate, the administrative structure of Egypt, and the bureaucratic traditions of the Seljuks and the Zengid Atabegs. Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Ayyūbī, as the founder of the Ayyubid state and the former vizier of the Fatimid government, alongside Qāḍī al-Fāḍil al-Baysānī, the head of the Fatimid chancery, played a crucial role in consolidating the foundations of the Ayyubid rule, serving as key links between the previous system and the newly established government. The Ayyubid sultans paid special attention to this pivotal position and exercised considerable control over it. However, the office of the vizierate underwent numerous fluctuations during this period, significantly impacting the evolution of the Ayyubid administrative system. This study, employing a descriptive-analytical approach, aims to explore the transformation and development of the vizierate institution during the Ayyubid era. The central hypothesis posits that the Ayyubids were fully aware of the importance and sensitivity of the vizierate and sought to maintain it as a functionary of the state while preventing excessive dominance of the vizier over the government and bureaucracy. Consequently, unlike the Fatimid Caliphate, the office of vizierate under the Ayyubids never exceeded the level of an executive vizierate (wizārat al-tanfīdh), and in certain periods, it was even entirely abolished.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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